Risk factors for falls and falls-related fractures in patients with Parkinson`s disease
Keywords:
falls, Parkinson’s disease, prevention, risk factorsAbstract
In the general population, the incidence of falls increases with age. Epidemiological statistics indicate that every year falls happen to about 30% of adults aged over 65 in their own homes.
With age the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD) increased. The present therapeutic armamentarium offers a better quality of life for patients affected by this disease. However, a better and a longer life also means more long-term health problems - neurological and non- neurological. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with an increased risk of falls and fractures. The falls and falls – related injuries are caused by many factors - old age, gait disturbances, postural instability, reduced physical activity and malnutrition, orthostatic hypotension, vitamin D deficiency with reduced bone mineral density and ect.
Evidence has indicated a high incidence of hip fractures in patients with Parkinson’s disease with falls being a major cause. Hip fractures are associated with longer hospitalization and problems with organizing professional and non-professional care for this group of patients.
We think that the routine assessment of body composition and mineral metabolism is useful for risk assessment for fractures in PD patients. The therapy with drugs or exercises are recommended, if necessary. Fall prevention programs are needed for patients with Parkinson’s disease.
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