Mild neurological signs in bipolar disorder
Keywords:
bipolar disorder, mild neurological signsAbstract
Mild neurological signs (MNS) are found in different psychiatric disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety disorders, affective disorders, schizophrenia, alcohol dependence and personality disorders. It is widely accepted that they are a consequence of subtle but specific brain dysfunction. In respect to the symptom itself and its localization MNS could be divided into separate clusters, namely sensory integration related to the function of the parietal lobe, motor coordination related to the function of the frontal lobe and cerebellum, motor sequencing related to the function of the prefrontal lobe and primitive reflexes related to the function of the frontal lobe. Recently many data support the notion that MNS are found at higher frequency in patients with bipolar disorder (BD), independent of the affective state, as well as in their first degree relatives and therefore could be regarded as a potential endophenotype of BD. Defining endophenotype markers in BD could be helpful for:
1) improving the diagnosis and treatment strategies in BD;
2) preventing complications and treatment non-adherence;
3) determining the longitudinal course and prognosis of BD patients and
4) creating an exact prognosis for BD relatives.
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