Balint's syndrome

Abstract

Balint's syndrome is a rare neurological disorder characterized by a triad of optic ataxia, ocular apraxia and simultanagnosia.
Most commonly the typical clinical presentation is due to an infarction in the border zone between the anterior and posterior cerebral artery territories (severe hypotension is the main cause) or is the consequence of multiple bilateral strokes. Progressive form of the syndrome can also be a feature of several neurodegenerative disorders, such as atypical Alzheimer's disease . The disorder in visual processing is associated with damage of the inferior parietal lobule and posterior parietal gyrus, along with the U- shaped fibers that connect to visual areas of the temporal and occipital lobes.
The diagnosis is based on neuropsychological examination and brain imaging techniques (CT and MRI). The treatment strategy should be focused on risk factor control and active neurorehabilitation of the visualperceptual skills.